Welcome to Thanjavur, a place where the past lingers like a sweet fragrance in the air, where the city’s architecture embodies a rich tapestry of history, and every glimpse gives you a taste of secular decadence. Located in the southern region of India, Thanjavur is a cultural gem known for its stunning temples, classical music, and beautiful art forms. This fascinating city attracts visitors from all around the globe, inviting them to experience its rich heritage, colourful traditions, and delicious food.
If you’re a history buff or an art lover or simply someone looking for adventure in the heart of Tamil Nadu, Thanjavur will fill your soul and inspire your imagination.
Geographical Setting
Thanjavur, in Tamil Nadu, sits about 350 kilometers southwest of Chennai and 60 kilometers from the busy town of Tiruchirappalli. Lush green fields and the beautiful Kaveri river, which meanders through the area, set the stage for the city. With summers being hot and winters relatively pleasant, this makes it a perfect place to be explored all throughout the year. Its air enfolds you with warmth and culture as you walk in its streets.
History and Background
Thanjavur has a history that is as rich and colorful as the bright saris the local women wear. Thanjavur, formerly known as Tanjore and once the seat of the powerful Chola Empire in the 9th century, is famous for the Brihadeeswarar Temple built by Sam Rajaraja Chola 1. As an epicenter of art, architecture, and culture, the city became a magnet for classical music and dance traditions like Bharatanatyam.
The Nayaks and the Marathas are among other notable powers rose and rule over Thanjavur over the years and they all contributed to the region’s culture. One such story is about the Tanjore paintings, traditional Indian art that began here. The artists would be divinely inspired, working with gold foil and color in pieces that were true manifestations of a spiritual approach to art.
Most Visited Monuments and Places to Visit in Thanjavur
Every traveler should definitely explore the historical monuments and places in Thanjavur. Some of the best landmarks include:
1. Brihadeeswarar Temple
As they say, ‘go big or go home’, let’s start with the pièce de résistance – the UNESCO World Heritage Site: Brihadeeswarar Temple, an architectural wonder. The temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva, was built in early 11th century CE and is famous for its tall vimana (temple tower), which stands at an astounding height of 66 m. Its magnificent sculptures and carvings bear testimony to Chola architectural genius. Did you know that the granite used in the construction of the temple was taken from a quarry over 50 kilometres away? Now that is some serious commitment!
2. Tanjore Palace
Just a short walk from the temple takes you to the Tanjore Palace a magnificent building that combines several architectural styles. Formerly the home of the Nayak rulers, the place boasts stunning courtyards, halls and museums. And be sure to check out the fascinating Art Gallery, which features a stunning collection of Tanjore paintings and artifacts. The tales held within the walls will whisk you back to a time of majesty and nobility.
3. Schwartz Church
Thanjavur still has one of the oldest churches, Schwartz Church which was built during the 18th century. The church is named for the Danish missionary, Rev. Friedrich Schwartz, one of the major ways in which he spread Christianity in the region. The simplicity and beauty of the temple architecture, and its tranquil environment makes one a quiet retreat for contemplation.
4. Thanjavur Maratha Palace
The Thanjavur Maratha Palace, which was once the seat of power for the Maratha kings, features an intriguing fusion of European and Indian styles of architecture. The Durbar Hall of the palace complex displays beautiful frescoes and woodwork. The Saraswathi Mahal Library, located nearby, is one of the oldest libraries in Asia, representing a trove of manuscripts and rare books that will amaze bibliophiles.
5. Sivaganga Park
Sivaganga Park: After visiting the historical sites, spend some time leisurely strolling around Sivaganga Park – a serene oasis in the heart of the bustling city. Well-kept gardens, fountains and ancient trees in the park make it an ideal place to rest. Pack a picnic, pick some local snacks, and enjoy the piece with a little sunshine.
Architecture Specialties
Thanjavur’s architectural splendor will leave you spellbound. Some of the most remarkable features of the temple are the gigantic granite blocks, which were used to build the temple and to sculpt the exquisite masterpieces. From then on, the temple was a magnificent monument characterized by splendid architecture and intricate carvingsChola period artists carved pathways in the temple around murals and relief carvings depicting gods, celestial beings, and mythical creatures.
Additionally, the architectural style of Tanjore Palace and other buildings is a unique blend of Dravidian and Indo-Saracenic architectural styles, showcasing the rich cultural diversity of the city. From its colorful frescoes to its elaborate wood working and adorned pillars, witness the sprawling arts that continues to inspire generations.
Engaging Facts and Trivia about Thanjavur
- Dancing Nataraja: In Brihadeeswarar Temple, this captivating sculpture of Lord Nataraja is displayed in a dynamic dance pose. Eternal time and currency are integral to the spiritual and physical aspects of the temple, a novel that echoes the cosmic dance of creation and destruction, a core tenet of Hindu philosophy.
- Maratha Influence: Tanjavur was impacted by the Maratha rulers who ruled there for many decades. During their period, came the famed “Tanjore paintings”, laden with gold and intricate detailing.
- UNESCO Heritage: Tanjavur is included in the “Great Living Chola Temples” UNESCO World Heritage Site, which comprises the Brihadeeswarar Temple, Gangaikonda Cholapuram, and Airavatesvara Temple. This recognition is an important step highlighting the importance of these monuments in the context of global heritage.
- Cultural Melting Pot : Tanjavor is and is hallowed ground for classical music and dance — particularly Bharatanatyam.
Make the Most of Your Thanjavur Trip with These Tips
- Decide Your Itinerary: There is just so much to see, it helps to decide on your itinerary. Ensure you give yourself sufficient time to explore each monument without being in a hurry.
- Local Cuisine: Make sure to try the local cuisine! Savor Tanjore biryani, dosa, and filter coffee at local joints. Authentic flavors are also best discovered through street food stalls.
- Connect with Locals: The residents of Thanjavur, with their generosity and hospitality, are unparalleled. Don’t be shy to talk to them, request stories, ask them about their traditions.
- Best Time to Visit: The best time to go and explore Thanjavur is between October to March as these months are very pleasant and enjoyable with mild weather.
- Booking Accommodation: To ensure a smooth trip, you may book your stay via sites like MakeMyTrip, ClearTrip or EaseMyTrip. They usually have good deals and fashion packages for travelers.
- Visit Closest Landmarks: As time allows you may be able to enjoy some of the nearby landmarks such as Kumbakonam’s beautiful temples or the historical town of Thanjavur, which are very close by.
To know more about Thanjavur, read articles on TripAdvisor, Thrillophilia, and watch Travel Influencers on YouTube. Thanjavur — Two particularly well-known travel videos are by “The Traveling Desi” and “Lost With Purpose” who explore the magical and historical places to visit in Thanjavur.
So pack your bags, turn up your spirit of adventure and smell Thanjavur with its rich history and vibrant culture!
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